Is n-hexane the same as hexane?
n-hexane is also a structural isomer of hexane. Therefore, both these compounds have the same chemical formula and the same molar mass. The main difference between hexane and n-hexane is that hexane has 5 structural isomers that are either branched or unbranched structures whereas n-hexane is an unbranched structure.
What is the difference between hexane and n-hexane?
n-Hexane: Refers specifically to the straight-chain isomer (CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃). This is the form with significant neurotoxicity.
Hexane or "Hexanes": Often refers to a commercial mixture containing n-hexane along with safer, branched isomers (e.g., isohexane). These branched isomers have much lower neurotoxicity.
| Feature | Hexane | n-Hexane |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | A mixture of hexane isomers (n-hexane, 2-methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, etc.) | A single pure compound; the linear (normal) isomer of hexane |
| CAS Number | No single CAS number (mixture of isomers with distinct CAS numbers) | CAS 110-54-3 |
| Purity | Variable (typically 80–95% total hexanes) | High purity (up to 99.9% in specialized grades) |
| Solvency | Moderate, due to mixed isomers | Stronger and more consistent solvency for nonpolar substances |
| Applications | General industrial degreasing, fuel blending | High-precision applications (oil extraction, chromatography, pharmaceutical synthesis) |
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