CAS 79-09-4 Propionic acid, also known as propanoic acid, is an important organic carboxylic acid widely used in animal feed, food preservation, and chemical manufacturing.
Basic Chemical Information
- Chemical name: Propionic acid / Propanoic acid
- Chemical formula: C₃H₆O₂
- Molecular weight: 74.08 g/mol
- CAS number: 79-09-4
- Chemical class: Short-chain fatty acid, carboxylic acid

1. Acidity
Propionic acid is a weak organic acid with a carboxyl (-COOH) functional group.
pKa ≈ 4.87
Capable of lowering pH effectively
Responsible for strong antimicrobial and antifungal activity
Industry relevance:
This acidity makes propionic acid highly effective as a feed preservative and mold inhibitor.
2. Reactivity
Propionic acid shows typical reactions of carboxylic acids:
Reacts with bases to form propionate salts
Reacts with alcohols to form propionate esters
Can form acid chlorides and anhydrides
Commercial derivatives include:
Calcium propionate
Sodium propionate
Propionyl chloride
3. Solubility
Completely miscible with water
Soluble in alcohols and ethers
Practical advantage:
High solubility ensures uniform distribution in feed, silage, and liquid formulations.
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