what is O-Xylene/ortho-xylene?
O-Xylene (CAS 95-47-6), also known as ortho-xylene, is a colorless, flammable aromatic hydrocarbon with a characteristic sweet odor. It is primarily used as a feedstock in the manufacture of phthalic anhydride, which is further processed into plasticizers, alkyd resins, and polyester resins. O-Xylene is also employed as a solvent in coatings, inks, adhesives, and chemical processing operations. The substance has a flash point of approximately 17°C and can form flammable vapor-air mixtures at ambient temperatures. Because of its volatility and fire hazard, industrial facilities typically store orthoxylene in tightly sealed containers or dedicated storage tanks equipped with ventilation, grounding, and ignition-control measures to ensure safe handling and maintain product quality.
O-Xylene Safety Overview
| Chemical Name | O-Xylene |
| CAS Number | 95-47-6 |
| Molecular Formula | C₈H₁₀ |
| Appearance | Colorless Liquid |
| Flash Point | 17°C |
| Boiling Point | 144°C |
| Hazard Class | Flammable Liquid |
| UN Number | UN 1307 |
Ortho-xylene has a low flash point (17°C/63°F), meaning that under ambient conditions, it readily generates flammable vapors. These vapors may ignite upon contact with heat sources, sparks, static electricity, or open flames; failure to implement appropriate safety precautions therefore poses a serious fire and explosion hazard.
o-Xylene Handling Information
1. Fire Hazard: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Use explosion-proof tools and equipment.
2. Grounding: Containers must be grounded to prevent static electricity buildup.
3. Ventilation: Ensure adequate ventilation. Ventilation at ground level is recommended as vapors are heavier than air.
4. Health Protection: Avoid inhaling vapors, mists, or sprays. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Do not eat or drink in the work area.
5. Personal Protective Equipment: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing.
Ortho-Xylene Storage Information
1. Keep away from heat sources, hot surfaces, and open flames. No smoking in storage areas.
2. All containers must be grounded and bonded to prevent electrostatic discharge. Use non-sparking tools.
3. Store in a well-ventilated, dry, cool place. Storage in a dedicated flammable liquid cabinet is recommended.
4. Store separately from incompatible substances such as oxidizers, strong acids, and halogenated compounds. Materials: Suitable storage container materials include stainless steel, carbon steel, or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
5. Comply with local safety regulations (e.g., OSHA guidelines restricting flammable liquid storage) and ensure proper labeling.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: Is o-xylene liquid flammable?
A: Yes, o-xylene (CAS 95-47-6) is classified as a flammable liquid and can form combustible vapor-air mixtures under normal industrial conditions. Appropriate fire prevention measures, including ignition source control and proper ventilation, are essential during handling and storage.
Q: What PPE is required when handling o-xylene chemical?
A: Recommended personal protective equipment (PPE) includes chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shields, protective clothing, and suitable respiratory protection when airborne concentrations may exceed occupational exposure limits.
Q: How should o-xylene chemical be stored?
A: Ortho-xylene should be stored in tightly closed containers or approved storage tanks in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area. Storage locations should be kept away from heat, sparks, open flames, oxidizing agents, and direct sunlight.
Q: Can o-xylene solvent be stored outdoors?
A: Yes, provided it is stored in properly designed and approved tanks or containers intended for flammable liquids. Outdoor storage systems should include secondary containment, temperature management, ventilation, and fire protection measures in accordance with local regulations.
Q: Why is grounding necessary during o-xylene transfer?
A: Grounding and bonding help prevent the accumulation of static electricity during pumping, loading, or unloading operations. Static discharge can ignite flammable vapors, making grounding a critical safety requirement.
Q: What are the main industrial uses of o-xylene raw material?
A: O-Xylene is primarily used as a feedstock for producing phthalic anhydride, which is further used in plasticizers, alkyd resins, coatings, and polyester products. It is also used as a solvent in paints, inks, adhesives, and chemical manufacturing processes.
Q: What should be done in the event of an ortho-xylene spill?
A: Small spills should be contained using non-combustible absorbent materials while eliminating all ignition sources. Personnel should wear appropriate PPE and ensure adequate ventilation. Large spills may require evacuation, environmental containment measures, and response by trained hazardous materials personnel according to the facility's emergency response plan.
Q: Which regulations apply to the transportation of o-xylene?
A: It is regulated as a hazardous material for transportation under international and regional regulations such as ADR, IMDG, IATA, and applicable national transport standards. Proper packaging, labeling, documentation, and handling procedures must be followed to ensure compliance and safety.
Conclusion
o-Xylene (CAS 95-47-6) is an important industrial aromatic solvent and chemical intermediate characterized by its flammability and volatility. Implementing appropriate handling and storage measures is crucial for ensuring workplace safety and product quality. Key safety measures include: maintaining adequate ventilation, grounding and bonding equipment, wearing appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), and storing the substance in a cool, well-ventilated area, away from ignition sources and incompatible chemicals.
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