CAS 109-66-0 N-Pentane - Properties
Physical Properties
- Molecular Formula: C₅H₁₂
- Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
- Odor: Characteristic gasoline-like smell
- Boiling Point: 36.1°C (97°F) - highly volatile
- Melting Point: -129.8°C (-201.6°F)
- Density: 0.626 g/mL (lighter than water)
- Flash Point: -49°C (-56°F) - extremely flammable
- Autoignition Temperature: 260°C (500°F)
Chemical Properties
- Solubility: Immiscible with water; soluble in most organic solvents
- Reactivity: Relatively inert under normal conditions but highly flammable
- Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
CAS 109-66-0 N-Pentane - Uses
n-Pentane is mainly used as a solvent, a fuel, and a chemical intermediate. As a solvent, it can dissolve various substances such as oils, fats, waxes, resins, and rubber. As a fuel, it can be blended with gasoline to increase its octane rating and reduce its emissions. As a chemical intermediate, it can be converted into other useful compounds such as isoprene, which is used to make synthetic rubber.
n-Pentane is also important for the production of refrigerants, which are substances that can absorb and release heat in cooling systems. n-Pentane is used to make hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), which are a type of refrigerant that have low ozone depletion potential and global warming potential. HFCs are widely used in air conditioners, refrigerators, and heat pumps.
CAS 109-66-0 N-Pentane - Safety
Hazard:
Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air (explosion limits: 1.5–7.8% in air). Ignition sources include sparks, static electricity, and hot surfaces.
Precautions:
Store in a cool, well-ventilated, fire-resistant area away from heat, sparks, and open flames.
Use explosion-proof electrical equipment and grounding devices to prevent static buildup.
Avoid bulk transfer in confined spaces; use nitrogen blanketing during storage.
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