What Is o-Xylene (ortho-xylene)?
o-Xylene (ortho-xylene) is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C8H10. It appears as a colorless, slightly oily, flammable liquid and is one of the three isomers of xylene. Its core structure is a benzene ring with two methyl groups attached to adjacent (1,2-position) carbon atoms. It is primarily used to produce phthalic anhydride, a key raw material for plastics, paints, and coatings.
What is the molecular formula and structure of o-xylene
Molecular Formula: C8H10 (also written as C6H4(CH3)2).
Structure
- Benzene Ring Core: The molecule is built around a six-carbon aromatic ring, which forms its stable, cyclic structure.
- Adjacent Methyl Groups: The "ortho" label indicates the two methyl (−CH 3) groups are attached next to each other on the benzene ring (positions 1 and 2). This is different from meta-xylene (groups at 1,3) and para-xylene (groups at 1,4).
- SMILES Structure: CC1=C(C)C=CC=C1
o-Xylene (ortho-xylene) Properties
| Physical Properties | |
| Molecular weight | 106.17 |
| Boiling point | 144.41°C |
| Vapor pressure | 6 Torr at 20°C |
| Freezing point | -25.18°C |
| Refractive index | 1.5054 at 20°C |
| Density | 0.8802 g/mL (7.346 lb/gal) at 20°C |
| 0.8760 g/mL (7.311 lb/gal) at 25°C | |
| Dielectric constant | 2.57 at 20°C |
| Dipole moment | 0.45 D at 25°C |
| Solvent group | 7 |
| Polarity index (P') | 2.5 |
| Eluotropic value on alumina | 0.26 |
| Viscosity | 0.81 cP at 20°C |
| Surface tension | 30.03 dyn/cm at 20°C |
| Solubility in water | 0.018% at 25°C |
| Regulatory and Safety Data | |
| DOT Hazard Class | 3, Flammable Liquid |
| Packing Group | II |
| UN Identification Number | UN1307 |
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