In chromatographic analysis, acetonitrile CAS 75-05-8 is often considered a superior solvent to methanol due to its lower viscosity, reduced ultraviolet absorption, and enhanced elution capabilities.
CAS 75-05-8 Acetonitrile is a slightly stronger solvent than methanol. It is a little cleaner in the UV; you can go all the way down to 190 nanometers with acetonitrile (versus 210 nanometers for methanol). Acetonitrile has a little lower viscosity therefore requires less pressure. For those reasons acetonitrile is a little better than methanol
Why is methanol a better HPLC mobile phase?
- Lower UV Cutoff: Enables detection at low wavelengths with flatter baseline and less background noise than methanol.
- Lower Viscosity & Backpressure: Lower viscosity than methanol (especially with water) reduces pressure in UHPLC.
- Higher Elution Strength: Aprotic solvent with stronger elution than methanol in reversed‑phase chromatography.
- Better Peak Shapes: Gives sharper, more symmetrical peaks for neutral/hydrophobic compounds.
- Cleaner Baselines: Superior UV transparency delivers more stable, cleaner baselines.
| Property | Acetonitrile | Methanol |
|---|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C₂H₃N | CH₄O |
| Viscosity (25°C) | Lower | Higher |
| UV Absorbance | Very low | Higher |
| Elution Strength | Stronger | Moderate |
| Boiling Point | 81.6 °C | 64.7 °C |
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